Comparison of levels of nitric oxide in gastric juice of smoker and non-smoker patients with dyspepsia.

Abstract

Reza Haji-Hoseini1, Ebrahim Fattahi2, Elham Safari3*, Homayun Dolatkhah4, Asghar Hoseinzadeh5, Shirin Fattahi6

Epidemiologic studies have shown that smoking is a major factor in development of malignancies in various human tissues. Smoke from every cigarette contains more than 600 µg nitric oxide radical (NO0 ) in gas phase. As a result of oxidation of nitrogen in gradients of tobacco and likely atmospheric nitrogen, more than 100 µg NOo is released in cigarette smoke which goes over human palate directly and without any filtering. In this research, we studied levels of nitric oxide in gastric juice of smokers and non-smokers afflicted with active peptic ulcer. Among persons referring to gastroenterology clinic, 43 smoker patient(14 men and 29 women)with average age of 45/30±13/16who afflicted with active peptic ulcer were determined as case group, 43 non-smoker(13 men and 30 women) without peptide ulcer with average age of 42/67±16/04 were determined as first control group, 43 smoker(16 men and 27 women)without peptic ulcer, average age of44/58±12/07,were determined as second control group and 43 non-smokers (23 men and 40 women) with peptic ulcer, average age 45/37±13/39, were determined as third control group. Levels of nitric oxide in gastric juice in four groups were assessed by means of Griess colorimetric method. Compared to control groups 1 and 3, levels of nitric oxide in Case group showed a meaningful increase (in both groups P˂0/0001)while nitric oxide levels in gastric juice of Case group and Control group 2 (smokers without active peptic ulcer) didn’t have any meaningful difference(p=0/656). Results of this study as certain that damage to the gastric tissue is in direct relationship with toxic element's in cigarette smoke specially NOo radical. It's very likely that Peroxynitrite radical (ONOO- ), resulted from rapid reaction between NOo and O2 0 , be responsible for these injuries. ONOOis a powerful oxidant and nitrating element that can promote reactions of HO0 , Nitrosoniume (NO2 0 ) and Nitrogen dioxide.