Received: 24-Aug-2022, Manuscript No. JPAPR -22-72843; Editor assigned: 26-Aug-2022, Pre QC No. JPAPR -22-72843 (PQ); Reviewed: 09-Sep-2022, QC No. JPAPR -22-72843; Revised: 10-Jan-2023, Manuscript No. JPAPR -22-72843 (R); Published: 17-Jan-2023, DOI: 10.15651/JPAPR.23.1.014
A social issue is a concern that has a broad impact on a society's population. It is a collection of current day problems that many people are working to solve. It frequently results from factors that are out of a person's control. Conflicting opinions on what is perceived as morally correct or incorrect personal or interpersonal social life decisions arise from social issues. Economic issues are distinct from social issues. Many of the terms that defines social issues, such as,
Social Stratification
Sociologists refer to the system of social standing as social stratification. Social stratification is the classification of people in a society based on factors such as wealth, income, education, family background, and power.
The term "stratification" is also used by geologists to describe the distinct vertical layers found in rock. Typically, the layers of society, made up of people, represent the unequal distribution of society's resources. People with more resources are viewed as the top layer of the social stratification structure. The lower layers are made up of people who have fewer and fewer resources. The position of an individual within this stratification is referred to as Socio Economic Status (SES).
Economic Issue
Economic issue is defined as any situation that places a new or increased financial burden on the municipal employer, such as wages, overtime pay, sick leave, payments made in lieu of sick leave usage, vacations, clothing allowances above the actual cost of clothing, length of service credits, continuing education credits, shift premium pay, longevity pay, extra duty pay, performance bonuses, health insurance, life insurance, vacation pay, holiday pay, lead worker pay, and teacher pay.
Social Disorganization
Theoretically, social disorganization outlines how social order differs amongst societies and how structural and cultural factors affect ecological inequalities in crime rates. In order to analyses the spatial concentration and stability of criminal behaviour rates, this methodology focused prior sociological studies' attention on the factors of urban expansion. The absence of self-regulatory mechanisms in neighbourhoods, which is caused by the influence of structural variables on social interactions or the prevalence of delinquent subcultures, is said to be the source of these phenomena, according to the social disorganization framework. The former method characterizes disorder as a result of weak social control brought on by socioeconomic disadvantage and high residence turnover and population heterogeneity. The latter draws attention to the establishment of social groups with criminal tendencies in underprivileged areas and the convergence of conflicting cultural standards there.
Public Health
Public health is characterized as the science of defending the security and enhancing the health of communities through instruction, the development of public policies, and investigation into the prevention of illness and harm. It varies depending on the individual. Whether you like to crunch numbers, carry out laboratory or field research, design policy, or engage directly with people to help improve their health, there is a place for you in the subject of public health. Working globally, addressing community wide health issues, and influencing public policies are all made possible by being a public health practitioner.
Age Discrimination
The age discrimination act of 1975 forbids age based discrimination in activities and programmers receiving government funding. The act, which is applicable to people of all ages, enables the use of some age distinctions and other considerations that adhere to its standards. The civil rights center carries out enforcement of the age discrimination act.
Certain job candidates and employees 40 years of age and older are protected against age discrimination under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) when it comes to compensation, terms, conditions, and privileges of employment. The equal employment opportunity commission carries out ADEA enforcement.
Social Inequality
The existence of unequal opportunities and rewards for various social positions or statuses within a group or community is what is known as social inequality. The unequal distribution of goods, wealth, opportunities, rewards, and punishments are included in structured and recurring patterns. It can take many different forms, including unequal access to education and cultural resources, disparate treatment by the police and court system, and income and wealth inequality.
Environmental Racism
Environmental racism is the purposeful targeting of certain communities for locally unwanted land uses and inadequate zoning and environmental law enforcement, which leads to communities being disproportionately exposed to toxic and hazardous waste depending on race. Intentional neglect, the alleged necessity for a dumping ground for pollutants in metropolitan areas, a lack of institutional power, and the low land values of people of colour are only a few of the causes of environmental racism. Communities of colour and low income areas are disproportionately affected by polluting industries (and particularly, hazardous waste facilities), and this is a fact that has been well documented.