Received: 06-Dec-2021 Published: 27-Dec-2021
Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs) are common diseases that occur at birth and negatively affect one’s physical, mental, and / or emotional development. Many of these conditions affect many parts of the body or systems. As of 2016, 7.37 million people in the United States had a mental or developmental disability. Mental retardation begins at any age before the child is 18 years old and is characterized by problems with both cognitive functioning - including reading ability, thinking, problem solving, and other skills - and adaptive behaviour, including everyday social and life skills. .
The term “developmental disability” is a broad category of lifelong disability that can be mental, physical, or both. “IDD” is a term often used to describe situations in which mental and other disabilities are present. Examples of developmental disabilities include autism, behavioural disorders, brain damage, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, foetus alcohol syndrome, mental retardation, and spina bifida.
Mental retardation and / or growth is also known as I / DD. These are big names that can cause many other disabilities. Generally, living with I / DD means that a person has experienced an impact on his or her ability to: Read, Reason, and Problem-solving, Live independently. The technical definition of mental retardation and development in Colorado states:
“Mental retardation and development” refers to a disability that appears before a person is twenty-two years old, which means severe disability in the affected person, and is caused by mental retardation and development or related conditions, including Prader-Willi. Syndrome, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, autism, or other emotional states in which the condition or conditions lead to damage to normal cognitive functioning or dynamic behaviours such as a person with a mental disability and development.
“Person with a mental and physical disability” means a person appointed by a community-based board to have intellectual and developmental disabilities and includes a child who is delayed in development.
“Delayed child” means: A person under the age of five years who is delayed in his or her development as defined by a state board; or a person under the age of five years who is at risk of mental retardation and development as defined by state board policy.
Mental retardation is characterized by problems in both cognitive functioning and dynamic functioning.
Intelligence performance is measured by individual intelligence tests that are also psychologically functional, complete, culturally appropriate, and psychologically sound. Although a certain amount of school IQ test is no longer required for diagnosis, standardized testing is used as part of diagnostic status. Therefore, clinical judgment is required in interpreting IQ test results.
The authors are grateful to the journal editor for publishing the article in the respective journal.
The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.