The study focused on how the small holder farmers perceive the idea of mechanizing agriculture in Rwakishaakizi- Nyakayojo division, Mbarara District. The study was done through making thorough understanding of the perception of local farmers’ as agriculture mechanization on a global, continental, regional, country and local perspective. The chapter covered the background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, scope of the study and conceptual frame work. Mechanization referred to the process of injecting power and machinery between man and materials in a production system. Mechanization as it related to agriculture requires the study, manufacture, utilization, maintenance and repair of all tools, implements, machines, equipment and structures which will enable the farmer to raise the productivity of human labor economically explained that agricultural mechanization includes the application of tools, implements and powered machinery and equipment to achieve agricultural production, comprising crop and livestock production as well as aquaculture and apiculture.
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