Hypertension Risk From Iron Brake Particulate Matter

Abstract

William J. Rowe

Of 12 moon walkers, James Irwin on day after return from Apollo 15 mission, showed extraordinary bicycle (B) stress test (ST) hypertension (275/125) after 3 minutes exercise; supervising > 5000 maximum treadmill ST, author never witnessed ST- blood pressure approaching this level. Symptom-limited maximum B stress test showed �??cyanotic fingernails�?�; possibly venous blood trapped peripherally, supporting author�??s �??Apollo 15 Space Syndrome,�?� postulating that severe fingertip pain during space walks, triggered by plasma fluid, trapped distally; mechanism could be related to endothelial dysfunction, providing �??silent ischemia�?� warning. Neil Armstrong returned to Earth with severe diastolic hypertension (160/135), consistent with ischemic left ventricular dysfunction; 50 mm increase in comparison with resting BP 110/85, with inhalation of lunar dust, brought into habitat on space suit, with high lunar iron (I) this dust inhalation, along with reduced (R) space flight- transferrin, R antioxidant, calcium (Ca) blocker - magnesium, conducive to severe oxidative stress, Calcium overload with potential endothelial injuries. Using moon walker studies as example, the author�??s recent editorials show that iron dust, released from brakes, with over 90% of brakes made of iron, is a major hypertension factor and may also contribute to myocardial infarctions.

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