Received: 10-Feb-2022, Manuscript No. GJV-22-59438; Editor assigned: 12-Feb-2022, Pre QC No. GJV-22-59438(PQ); Reviewed: 26-Feb-2022, QC No. GJV-22-59438; Revised: 01-Mar-2022, Manuscript No. GJV-22-59438(R); Published: 08-Mar-2022, DOI: 10.35841/GJV.22.10.018
HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. HPV is an abbreviation for human papillomavirus. It’s very common. Many people are asymptomatic and the infection heals spontaneously. However, some HPV types can lead to cervical cancer and head and neck cancer. HPV is more than just a virus. There are more than 100 species, some of which are more dangerous than others.
Each human papillomavirus has its own number or type. The term “Papilloma” refers to a type of wart caused by some type of HPV. It lives in thin, flat cells called epithelial cells. These are found on the skin’s surface. They are found on the surface of the vagina, anus, vulva, cervix and head of the penis. About 60 of the 100 HPV types cause warts on areas like the hands or feet. The other 40 or so enter the body during sexual contact. They are attracted to the mucous membranes of the body, such as the moist layer around the anus and genitals. High Risk HPV strains include HPV 16 and 18 which cause about 70% of cervical cancer. Other high-risk human papillomaviruses are 31, 33, 45, 52, 58 and several others. Low-risk HPV strains such as HPV-6 and HPV-11 can cause about 90% of genital warts, which rarely progress to cancer. These growths can look like bumps. Sometimes, they are shaped like cauliflower. The warts can show up weeks or months after connecting with the infected partner.
HPV Symptoms
Often, HPV infections cause no symptoms, and the body clears the infection on its own in a few years. Many people never know they were infected with HPV. But sometimes an infection with high risk types of HPV will last longer. This can cause changes in the cells of the cervix that can lead to cancer, including vulvar cancer. The same can cause abnormal changes in the cells of the penis and anus, but this is rare. The symptom of low-risk HPV infection is warts. The type of wart is depends on the type of HPV.
Genital warts: These are either flat spots or raised ridges. In women, it usually grows in the vulva, but it can also appear in the anus, cervix, or vagina. Men get them in the penis, scrotum, or anus. These rough bumps usually appear on the hands and fingers.
Plantar warts: Plantar warts are hard, grainy, painful bumps that affect the bottom of your feet.
Flat warts: These are slightly raised spots with a flat top and can get them anywhere, but they`re common on the face and legs.
Causes and Risk Factors for HPV
Human papillomavirus is transmitted by invading the body through cuts, abrasions, or lacerations on the skin. Having genital warts during pregnancy can infect baby with HPV. In rare cases, this can lead to benign growth of the baby’s larynx. The warts are contagious and can easily spread through touching a person’s wart, or through touching are that is contacted with wart.
Certain matters make possibilities of having HPV cross up. They include:
Damaged pores and skin: Places for pores and skin which have been reduce plenty or have holes are much more likely to get not unusual place warts.
Direct touch: Touching a person`s warts can transmit HPV.
Weak immune device: If person got a situation together with HIV or AIDS, are on remedy that weakens their immune device, they’re much more likely to get HPV.
HPV Diagnosis
Medical doctor can be capin a position to inform a person was affected by HPV simply through inspecting their warts. But there also are numerous checks they could use in case that effected person doesn’t have signs and symptoms.
Vinegar answers check: This check makes use of a vinegar (acetic acid) answer. Doctor applies it on effected person’s genital place.
Pap check: Doctor makes use of a swab to accumulate samples out of cervix or vagina. They ship the samples to a lab to look when that person have strange cells. Abnormal cells can result in cancer.
DNA check: Doctor may also advise this check at the side of a Pap check. They study the DNA of the cells of cervix to look when you have the kind of HPV that could result in cancer.
HPV Treatments
Warts may work away without remedy, especially in kids. But there also are medicinal drugs that deal with them, including:
Salicylic acid: Patients positioned remedies with this component at once at the wart. They damage the wart one layer at a time and shouldn`t apply on face.
Lmiquimod: This is a prescription cream that facilitates your immune device dispose of HPV. It can motive little redness and swelling across the place.
Trichloroacetic acid: This burns off patients warts for palms, soles of patients’ feet, and genitals. It may also worsen their pores and skin.
Physicians will advise medicinal drug and if not worked they can detect them with:
Cryotherapy;
Electrocautery;
Surgery;
Laser surgery.
For HPV, Doctor uses a technique known as colposcopy to locate and eliminate cells that appearance strange. They use a device known as a colposcopy to exaggerate the cervix and take samples of (biopsy) those areas.