Received: 21-Nov-2022, Manuscript No. GJPRAF-22-84240; Editor assigned: 23-Nov-2022, Pre QC No. GJPRAF-22-84240 (PQ); Reviewed: 07-Dec-2022, QC No. GJPRAF-22-84240; Revised: 16-Dec-2022, Manuscript No. GJPRAF-22-84240 (R); Published: 26-Dec-2022, DOI: 10.15651/GJPRAF.22.1.013
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) typically has two propulsion technologies: an electric motor powered by a rechargeable battery pack and a gasoline-powered Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). While the high-voltage battery pack powers the electric motors that propel the vehicle at lower speeds, the combustion engine provides torque at higher speeds. There are numerous distinctions between electric, hybrid, and standard gas vehicles, but the combination of an electric motor or motors and an ICE plays an important role in HEV. HEVs and plug-in hybrids differ slightly. A HEV typically combines an ICE with a high-voltage electric drive system that aids in propulsion or propulsion assistance. Regenerative braking contributes to battery recharge.
A Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) with a rechargeable battery pack that can be charged by connecting a charging cable to an external electric power source. The larger battery in PHEVs is used to drive the vehicle in full electric mode until the battery charge is depleted. When this occurs, the propulsion strategy switches to that of a HEV, utilizing the remaining battery charge, the ICE, or both. The global market is being influenced by environmental concerns, which are increasing demand for low and no-emission vehicles. When compared to fossil fuel powered transportation devices, both hybrid and electric vehicles can help an individual reduce their carbon footprint. While each car effectively reduces tailpipe greenhouse gas emissions, it also has negative environmental consequences.
The efficiency of a vehicle is affected by its battery, longevity, range, and maintenance requirements. Personal sustainability goals and new government regulations are propelling hybrid and electric vehicle efficiency improvements. Before delving into the benefits and drawbacks of hybrid vs. electric vehicles, we must first assess the demand for environmentally friendly modes of transportation.
Benefits and Drawbacks of Hybrid Vehicles
Because hybrid vehicles are partially electric, they are more environmentally friendly than conventional vehicles. The average fossil-fuel-powered car emits nearly 4.6 metric tonnes of CO2 per year. When powered by renewable energy sources, hybrids emit only a fraction of the emissions associated with gasoline.
When producing and distributing electricity, solar and wind power emit no emissions, so a consumer can improve the sustainability of their hybrid by charging it with clean energy. They may cause ecological problems by charging their vehicles with fossil fue derived electricity. Hybrids also require less maintenance, which saves money over time. Using partial electricity reduces engine wear and tear, allowing a person to travel for longer periods of time without needing to service the vehicle.
Benefits and Drawbacks of Electric Vehicles
When charged with solar or wind energy, electric vehicles have the lowest carbon footprints on the market. Using renewable energy to power a car can also nearly eliminate charging costs. They also effectively reduce an individual's transportation-related emissions.
Electric cars achieve high performance rates despite the lack of an engine. They produce a quiet ride with little to no vibration. Battery-powered systems also have more torque and speed, which assists a driver in safely accelerating, stopping, and turning on the road.
The battery of an electric vehicle also contributes to environmental degradation. The component contains cobalt, an element that is harmful to both the environment and human health. Long-term exposure to cobalt causes respiratory complications in Congolese miners. Electric vehicles are a relatively new market technology. Their spare parts are still scarce, and repair shops are scarce.
When a piece breaks, it may take some time for professionals to obtain replacement materials.